World Hypertension Day
World Hypertension Day is observed annually on May 17 by the World Hypertension League (WHL).
The event was held for the first time on May 14, 2005, with the participation of 24 countries under the slogan "Know Your Blood Pressure".
The same theme was used during World Hypertension Day from 2013 to 2018.
The theme for 2023 is “Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately, Control It, and Live Longer.” Emphasis will be placed on combating the low awareness of hypertension worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income areas, and on accurate methods of blood pressure measurement.
The purpose of the event is to raise awareness among the general public about one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, and to remind them of the need to regularly measure blood pressure, as well as to follow a proper diet, to lead an active activity. lifestyle and giving up bad habits.
High blood pressure is a condition in which the pressure in the blood vessels is higher than normal (140/90 mm Hg or higher).
A person may not have symptoms of high blood pressure. It can only be detected by measuring pressure.
Blood pressure is determined by two indicators. The first (systolic pressure) is the pressure in the blood vessels at the time of contraction or contraction of the heart muscle. The second (diastolic pressure) is the pressure in the vessels at the time when the heart is at rest between two contractions.
Hypertension is diagnosed, according to measurements taken on two different days, when the systolic pressure value on both days is equal to or higher than 140 mm Hg and/or the diastolic pressure value on both days is equal to or greater than 90 mm Hg.
The development of high blood pressure leads to damage to vital organs: the heart, brain, blood vessels, retina, and kidneys suffer. If the disease is detected in time, it is possible to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, heart failure, and kidney failure.
Controllable risk factors for high blood pressure include an unhealthy diet (excessive salt intake, a diet high in saturated and trans fats, low consumption of fruits and vegetables), physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol intake, and obesity.
Uncontrollable risk factors include a family history of high blood pressure, age over 65, and comorbidities (diabetes, kidney disease).
High blood pressure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to the International Society of Hypertension (ISH), high blood pressure kills more than 28,000 people every day.
According to the largest review of the dynamics of hypertension conducted by the World Health Organization and Imperial College London (1990-2019), over the past 30 years, the number of hypertensive patients in 184 countries among adults aged 30-79 has increased from 650 million to 1 billion 28 million. 720 million (53% of women and 62% of men) did not get the treatment they need. In 2019, more than 1 billion people with high blood pressure (82% of all cases of high blood pressure in the world) lived in low- and middle-income countries. About 580 million patients with high blood pressure (41% of women and 51% of men) were not aware of their disease. The lowest rates of hypertension are in Switzerland, Peru, and Eritrea, and the highest in Paraguay, Hungary, and Tuvalu. Russia ranked fifth among the 10 countries where there was the greatest decrease in the prevalence of hypertension in women (12%).
In Russia, approximately 60 million people suffer from hypertension (40% of the population).
Reducing the prevalence of high blood pressure by 33% between 2010 and 2030 is among the global targets for non-communicable diseases.
Currently, doctors have five or six groups of drugs in their arsenal, the regular intake of which allows not only to normalize the pressure level but also to extend the life of patients. These drugs are prescribed for life.
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